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{{RDM science series}}
{| class="infobox" style="text-align:center;"
|-
| colspan="2" | <small>An article from</small><br /><font size=3>'''[[Science in the Re-imagined Series]]'''</font>
|-
| style="font-size:13px; text-align:left" |
*[[Gravity in the Re-imagined Series|Artificial gravity]]
*[[Computers in the Re-imagined Series|Computer technology]]<br />
*[[Substances in the Re-imagined Series|Elements and substances]]<br />
*[[Life sciences in the Re-imagined Series|Life sciences]]<br />
*Naturalistic science fiction<br />
*[[Navigation in the Re-imagined Series|Navigation]]
*[[Propulsion in the Re-imagined Series|Propulsion physics]]
|}


'''"Naturalistic science fiction"''' ('''NSF''') is a term used by [[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|Re-imagined ''Battlestar Galactica'']] co-creator [[Ronald D. Moore]] to describe that show's aesthetic. In a document distributed to the cast and crew, Moore stated the goal was "nothing less than the reinvention of the science fiction television series" by introducing "realism into what has heretofore been an aggressively unrealistic genre."<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=8}}</ref> The document was titled ''Battlestar Galactica: Naturalistic Science Fiction or Taking the Opera Out of Space Opera''.<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=19}}</ref>


NSF is meant to be a realistic take on the SF genre, with its roots in drama rather than adventure tales. It eschews science-fiction staples such as one-dimensional characterizations, clear-cut conceptions of good and evil, so-called "[[technobabble]]" (technical-sounding terms that have mostly been made up), and "[[Wikipedia:deus ex machina|deus ex machina]]" approaches (in which a seemingly intractable problem in the plot is solved using a previously-unknown technical capability). In the case of episodic drama like the re-imagined ''Battlestar Galactica'', there is also more of an effort at continuity - the events in one episode have visible effects in subsequent episodes, unlike other science-fiction shows in which episodes are more stand-alone. Naturalistic SF combines elements of [[Wikipedia:Soft science fiction|"soft" science fiction]] (where characterization is of prime importance) and [[Wikipedia:Hard science fiction|"hard" science fiction]] (where plausible technical accuracy is preferred). Fundamentally, it is a drama with sci-fi elements.
{{NPOV}}
 
'''Naturalistic science fiction''' ('''NSF''') is a realistic take on the SF genre, avoiding typical SF [[Wikipedia:cliche|cliches]], utilizing visual and artistic elements from such dramas as "[[Wikipedia:The Sopranos|The Sopranos]]", "[[Wikipedia:24 (television)|24]]"  and "[[Wikipedia:The West Wing|The West Wing]]". Naturalistic SF blends the best elements of [[Wikipedia:Soft science fiction|"soft" science fiction]] (where characterization is of prime importance) and [[Wikipedia:Hard science fiction|"hard" science fiction]] (where plausible technical accuracy is preferred). Fundamentally, it is a drama with sci-fi elements.


== Ron Moore's Essay on NSF ==
== Ron Moore's Essay on NSF ==
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== Analysis of NSF Principles in the Show==
== Analysis of NSF Principles in the Show==
===Characters===
===Characters===
For the [[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|new ''Battlestar Galactica'' series]], naturalistic science fiction means that characters are more three-dimensional. As Moore described in the series bible, "Our people are deeply flawed, deeply human characters. They are not, by nature, innately heroic or noble creatures. They are simply ordinary people who find themselves in extraordinary circumstances."<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=96}}</ref> There is an attempt to stay away from stereotypical archetypes in science fiction or adventure stories such as the "smoking chauvinist," "loyal soldier," "heroic lead," "spiritual commander," ''Spock-type alien'', or "whiz-kid genius."
For [[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|the new ''Battlestar Galactica'' series]] naturalistic SF means that '''characters''' are viewed as normal, everyday people, complete with flaws, neuroses, and even addictions. There will be no stereotypical SF characters such as the "smoking chauvinist," "loyal soldier," "heroic lead," "spiritual commander," "whiz-kid genius," or "sexy doctor."


The characters change over time, showing different facets of their personalities: President [[Laura Roslin]] begins the first season cautious and rule bound; by the second season she has ordered that a high-ranking military member be assassinated {{TRS|Resurrection Ship, Part I}} and attempts to steal an election {{TRS|Lay Down Your Burdens, Part II}}. The [[Cylon (RDM)|Cylon]]s, who in the beginning are out simply to destroy humanity, later have a change of heart, feeling guilty about the destruction they have brought about, and decide simply to enslave them {{TRS|Lay Down Your Burdens, Part II}}.
As a general rule, the characters of ''Battlestar Galactica'' aren't carbon copies of character archetypes found in other TV science fiction. For example, instead of the "lovable, irascible doctor" like Dr. McCoy on ''Star Trek'', Major [[Cottle]] is the exact opposite being very rude and arrogant to his patients.


As a general rule, the characters of ''Battlestar Galactica'' are not carbon copies of character archetypes found in other TV science fiction. For example, instead of the "lovable, irascible doctor" like Dr. McCoy on ''Star Trek'', Major [[Sherman Cottle|Cottle]] is arrogant and rude to his patients.
====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
Some characters in ''Battlestar Galactica'' do act like cliched sci-fi characters, though. Starbuck, as the rude and cocky pilot, is similar to [[Wikipedia:Han Solo|Han Solo]] of ''[[Wikipedia:Star Wars|Star Wars]]''. Both Solo and Starbuck have back-stories explaining their behavior, although in Solo's case this is revealed only in the Star Wars [[Wikipedia:Expanded Universe|Expanded Universe]].


====Counterpoints and aired contradiction====
===Technology===
Some characters in ''Battlestar Galactica'' do act like cliched sci-fi characters, though. Starbuck, as the rude and cocky pilot, fills a well-known archetype, similar to [[Wikipedia:Han Solo|Han Solo]] of ''[[Wikipedia:Star Wars|Star Wars]]''. Still, there are more facets to her personality than that: from the beginning she is plagued with guilt about her role in the death of [[Zak Adama]], and later her flying skills are perceived to have atrophied as a result of alcoholism and apathy (although Solo is also flawed with sheer recklessness, a passion for gambling, and distrust). Other characters occasionally fill in stereotypical sci-fi character staples; for example, Adama is reminiscent of the general gruff military officer staple, and the Cylons are (albeit superficially) similar to other fictional robot races, such as the machines from ''[[Wikipedia:The Terminator|Terminator]]'' and ''[[Wikipedia:The Matrix|The Matrix]]'', which are also machines that rebel against their human creators and take on human form.
'''Technology''' is far enough advanced for star travel to be possible (see: [[FTL]] travel) and plausible, yet every other aspect of Colonial technology is humbly realistic. Instead of using technology such as [[Wikipedia:Star Trek|"Star Trek's"]] transporters, people need to be physically shuttled between ships on smaller craft like [[Raptor|Raptors]].


===Technology===
Colonial ships are not powered by "dylithium crystals" housed inside "warp cores" , but from [[tylium]], a powerful solid substance with interesting properties that's mined from planets and asteroids and refined. The one similarity is that neither substance actually exists.  
'''Technology''' is far enough advanced for star travel to be possible (see: [[FTL]] travel) and plausible, yet every other aspect of Colonial technology is humbly realistic. Moore stated he wanted to avoid "high-tech ships with touch screens and talking computers" because they "tend to take human beings out of the dramatic equation."<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=18}}</ref> Instead of using technology such as [[Wikipedia:Star Trek|''Star Trek'']]{{'|s}} transporters, people need to be physically shuttled between ships on smaller craft like [[Raptor]]s. Fanciful ship defenses, such as photon torpedoes, shields and cloaking technology do not exist. Ships instead rely on point defense batteries, hull plating and stellar anomalies to foil enemy DRADIS and defeat their enemies.
 
Energy weapons such as "Star Trek's" phasers and photon torpedoes are replaced with ordinary projectile weapons and Earthly mass-destruction ordnance: guns, bullets and nuclear bombs. Other SF "[[Wikipedia:deus ex machina|deus ex machina]]"-style comparatively fanciful technologies are avoided entirely or replaced with technology more in line with what's seen in modern life on Earth today. If [[the Fleet (RDM)|the Fleet]] runs out of water, ''Galactica'' can't "invent" some device to reclaim the water molecules from space borne hydrogen molecules--they search for a planetary body that has water ([[Water]]). Technology looks familiar to the viewer, from the phones, computer screens, and even the bathrooms.  


Energy weapons such as ''Star Trek'''s phasers and photon torpedoes are replaced with ordinary projectile weapons and Earthly mass-destruction ordnance: guns, bullets and nuclear bombs. Technology looks familiar to the viewer, from the old-style telephones to computer screens to the bathrooms.
Much like [[Aaron Doral]] noted in the opening of the [[Miniseries]], form follows function when it comes to the ship designs.  ''Galactica'' is designed as a battle cruiser / aircraft carrier in space; the hull is lined with armor plating, strengthened by [[Frame|structural ribbing]] and insulated from external explosions by internal structures such as water tanks ([[Water]]). The command center of the ship, the [[CIC]], is buried deep within the ship and protected from any attacks, unlike ''Star Trek's'' starships, whose bridges are openly exposed at the top-center of the ship on most classes, as few are technically designated for war.


The design of ''Galactica'' itself was based on real-life World War II submarines and aircraft carriers, with the creative team describing the concept as "''Das Boot'' in space."<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=136}}</ref> The command center of the ship, the [[CIC]], is buried deep within the ship for maximum protection, unlike ''Star Trek'' Federation starships, whose bridges are openly exposed. Also unlike ''Star Trek'', in which starships could be involved in battles and suffer near crippling damage, only to appear pristine in the next episode, ''Galactica'''s damage remains consistent throughout the series.
Many Colonial civilian ships are space borne variations of ships you may see in the air or at sea in the real-world Earth. ''[[Colonial One]]'' is designed to be a [[Intersun|jetliner in space]] and is set up similar to a real world passenger airliner with rows of seats separated into various classes down the fuselage, cramped airplane bathrooms, cargo bays in the ship's underbelly and private cabins for VIPs. (They may even have those dry complementary peanut snacks or the free drink.)


====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
A seemingly large violation of this rule is Laura Roslin's sudden cancer cure in "[[Epiphanies]]," and tied in with that, the ability of Cylons and humans to conceive children such as [[Hera Agathon|Hera]], given the unlikely blend of Cylon physiology to human physiology and the Cylons' continued use of [[silica pathways]] in humanoid Cylons (this is illustrated on copies of [[Aaron Doral]] and [[Leoben Conoy]] at [[Ragnar Anchorage]]). The "naturalistic science fiction" concept clearly applies more to Colonial technology than to Cylon technology, which is much more advanced.
Sometimes that the lack of substantial technology discussion by characters creates situations where a matter just "resolves itself.", because the writers do not want to throw a long and convoluted explanation at the viewer.  One of the larger violations of this may include Laura Roslin's unlikely and highly problematic cancer cure in "[[Epiphanies]]" and the ability of Cylon and human to conceive children such as [[Hera]], given the unlikely blend of Cylon physiology to human physiology and the Cylon's continued use of [[Silica Pathways]] in Cylon agents. This was illustrated on copies of [[Aaron Doral]] and [[Leoben Conoy]] at [[Ragnar Anchorage]]. The series is intent on avoiding silly technobabble explanations (which at their worst, are little more than a deus ex machina), but this has resulted in some situations also being given little explanation ([[Miniseries]]).
 
===No "Deus Ex Machina" Concepts===


===No "Deus Ex Machina" Concepts===
Characters like [[Saul Tigh|Colonel Tigh]] are annoyed by endless '''[[technobabble]]'''. Complex procedures needed to further the plot are often explained in context to the episode in simple and down-to-earth terms, if they're ever explained at all.
Characters like [[Saul Tigh|Colonel Tigh]] are annoyed by endless [[technobabble]]. Complex procedures needed to further the plot are often explained in context to the episode in simple and down-to-earth terms, if they're ever explained at all.


When technology is mentioned, it is typically analogous to something found on the real-world Earth. Terms such as "[[stims]]," "[[morpha]]," "[[DRADIS]]" and "[[wireless]]" have somewhat-familiar real-world counterparts.
When technology is mentioned, it's typically analogous to something found on the real-world Earth. Dialogue such as "[[Stims|stims]]", "[[Morpha|morpha]]", "[[DRADIS]]" and "[[wireless]]" will seem familiar enough when used in context to most casual viewers.


''Galactica'' and its Fleet have to be creative with the very limited resources in the Fleet. They cannot barter with other civilizations (as there aren't any) or make parts with "replication technology." They have a limited supply of everything: [[Viper (RDM)|fighters]], ammunition, food, water, and people.
''Galactica'' and its Fleet have to be creative with the very limited resources in the Fleet. They cannot barter with other civilizations (as there aren't any) or make parts with "replication technology." They have a limited supply of ''everything'': [[Viper (RDM)|fighters]], ammunition, food, water, and people. Specialized crew members, such as [[List of Pilots|pilots]] and [[Cottle|doctors]], are in even shorter supply. In "Battlestar Galactica's" world, they don't have a home-base or a parent government: What they are and what they have is literally visible in every episode--and everything is wearing or running out, adding to the drama of the characters.  This is can be seen in the deteriorating conditions of ''Galactica'''s Vipers, which began the [[Miniseries]] in pristine condition, but, through extended use, all now have significant battle damage, burns, scars, scrapes and dents; several have been damaged beyond repair ([[Flight of the Phoenix]]).


====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
Again, Roslin's cancer cure by [[Gaius Baltar]] suggests a sudden and undesirable use of the deus ex machina tactic to further a plot line (the survival of the child later known as [[Hera Agathon|Hera]]). Also, [[Sharon Valerii|Boomer]] is often involved in unlikely scenarios that further the Cylon aspect of her character, the discovery of water and tylium just a few examples of this phenomenon.
Again, Roslin's cancer cure by [[Gaius Baltar]] suggest a sudden and undesirable use of the deus ex machina tactic to further a plot line (the survival of the child later known as [[Hera]]). Also, [[Boomer]] always just  happens to find water and tylium or whatever the fleet is in desperate need of.
 
===Space Remains Big...and Lonely===


===Space is big...and lonely===
There are no "planet-of-the-week" episodes. The Fleet does not encounter a new planet or culture every week as is typically done in episodes of "Star Trek" and "Stargate." The universe remains so big as to appear almost empty, with the odds of meeting other intelligent beings (excluding, perhaps, remnants of the [[Earth|Thirteenth Tribe]]) practically nil. A majority of [[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|Battlestar Galactica's]] episodes primarily focus on internal Fleet survival issues ("[[Water]]", "[[Bastille Day]]", and "[[The Hand of God (RDM)|The Hand of God]]").
There are no "planet-of-the-week" episodes. The Fleet does not encounter a new planet or. culture every week as is typically done in episodes of ''Star Trek'' and ''Stargate'' (or to a certain extent the 1978 Original Series). The universe remains so big as to appear almost empty, with the odds of meeting other intelligent beings practically nil. Many ''[[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|Battlestar Galactica]]'' episodes primarily focus on internal Fleet survival issues ("[[Water]]," "[[Bastille Day]]," and "[[The Hand of God (RDM)|The Hand of God]]").


Humanoid or other intelligent life (save that of the Fleet's nemesis, the human-created [[Cylons (RDM)|Cylons]]) does not exist, as almost all of the encountered planets will be mostly uninhabitable and lifeless.
Humanoid or other intelligent life (save that of the Fleet's nemesis, the human-created [[Cylons (RDM)|Cylons]]) does not exist, as almost all of the encountered planets will be mostly uninhabitable and lifeless.
The characters do speak of animals from the now Cylon-occupied Colonies, and they share most of the names we use in the real-world Earth: [[Life Forms of the Twelve Colonies|chickens, dogs, cattle, and cats]] existed on their worlds. This naming is done mostly to make it easier for the viewers to identify with the characters and to prevent writers from having to invent a new animal.
Curiously similar animals have been observed, after a fashion, on other worlds besides the Twelve Colonies.  [[Socinus]] notes while on [[Kobol]] that he is able to listen to the birds in the trees for the first time since the Cylon attack ([[Scattered]]).


====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
Whether intelligent life exists elsewhere in the universe, and whether it is in fact common, has long been a controversial issue, and a matter of speculation. At the moment, there is no way to know whether the "naturalistic science fiction" approach to exterrestrial life is in fact the accurate one.
Laymen and some scientists argue that the sparseness of Earth-like worlds is implausible, based upon the assumption that a significant fraction of star systems in the [[Wikipedia:Milky Way|Milky Way]] have life-bearing potential. However, this is based on a contested judgement of available information, as Earth-based scientific resources are incapable of detecting such planets beyond our solar system. While a numerous amount of large gas giant planets have been located surrounding other stars in the galaxy, they are unlikely to be life-supporting. Further, in the fictional (and more technologically advanced) universe of the show, ''Galactica's'' own resources have proved incapable of finding life-supporting worlds; they find [[Kobol]] and [[New Caprica]] out of happenstance and not design.


===Storytelling and music===
Arguably, despite the lack of conclusive evidence, worlds with life-bearing potential should be quite common, given the tremendous number of solar systems in the galaxy. Even in our own solar system, Earth is not the only world with life-bearing potential; the ice moon [[Wikipedia:Europa|Europa]] is highly likely to have an ocean of water beneath its icy surface, making it a candidate for bearing at least primitive bacterial life. There is also evidence that [[Wikipedia:Mars|Mars]] had oceans[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4727847.stm] and could have once born at least primitive forms of life. Additionally, the element of extraterrestrial life in the show would have arguably introduced the topic of human fear of the unknown.
[[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|''Battlestar Galactica'']] avoids the thematic elements found in ''[[Wikipedia:Star Trek|Star Trek]]''. The series has a [[Wikipedia:Documentary film|documentary-style, ''cinema verite'']] visual feel, with the effects designed to have a "handheld-camera look" that makes viewers feel they are watching events unfold in real time.<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=144}}</ref> The [[Music of Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|music]] stands in contrast to the more standard orchestral overtures used in other science fiction, with the producers wanting to avoid "the usual sort of orchestral bombast."<ref group="Book">{{Cite book|author=David Bassom|title=[[Battlestar Galactica: The Official Companion]]|year=2005|publisher=Titan Books|isbn=1845760972|pages=152}}</ref>
 
===Storytelling and Music===
 
[[Battlestar Galactica (RDM)|''Battlestar Galactica'']] avoids the thematic elements found in ''[[Wikipedia:Star Trek|Star Trek]]''. The series story is told chronologically in episodic storytelling, using a [[Wikipedia:Documentary film|documentary-style, ''cinema verite'']] visual feel and tribal music that gives the series a more multicultural sound texture than the overly-used "flags-and-banners" overtures used in ''Star Trek'', ''Star Wars'', and the [[Battlestar Galactica (TOS)|original]] ''Battlestar Galactica''.


====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
====Counterpoints and Aired Contradiction====
Arguably, several ceremonies conducted on the show were appropriate times for traditional Western martial overtures or marches {{TRS|Miniseries|Act of Contrition|Pegasus}}, and they could have been used based on the parallels between the [[Colonial Fleet (TRS)|Colonial Fleet]] and modern armed forces; given this, their exclusion may be a loss of authenticity for some.
Debatably, several ceremonies conducted on the show were appropriate times for traditional Western martial overtures or marchs ([[Miniseries]], [[Act of Contrition]], [[Pegasus (episode)|Pegasus]]), and they would have been used based on the parallels between the [[Colonial Fleet]] and modern armed forces; given this, their exclusion is a loss of authenticity, even if they are too frequently chosen by other series.


==Notes and references==
Perhaps due to conventions established by their heavy use in other science fiction series, such "flags-and-banners" themes feel more appropriate for the setting to many than tribal music they consider to sound too primitive. Of course, this association is artificial.
{{reflist|group="Book"}}


== External Links ==
== External Links ==
*[[Wikipedia:Hard science fiction|Hard Science Fiction]]
*[http://www.galactica2003.net/articles/concept.shtml Reprint of RDM's Take on Naturalistic SF]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20070208103915/http://www.galactica2003.net/articles/concept.shtml Ron Moore's essay] on naturalistic science fiction as it related to ''Battlestar Galactica''.
*[[Wikipedia:Hard Science Fiction|Hard Science Fiction]]
 


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