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| Signed fifty-two years before [[Fall of the Twelve Colonies|The Fall]], the '''Articles of Colonization'''<ref>The Articles of Colonization are the Colonial equivalent to the American [[Wikipedia: Articles of Confederation|Articles of Confederation]] (the predecessor to the [[Wikipedia: US Constitution|US Constitution]]), [[Wikipedia: U.N. Charter| U.N. Charter]] and [[Wikipedia: Universal Declaration of Human Rights|Universal Declaration of Human Rights]].</ref> formed the united government of the [[The Twelve Colonies of Kobol|Twelve Colonies of Kobol]]. The Articles were apparently created in response to the [[Cylon War]] to unite the separate worlds against a common enemy.<ref>Source: [[Ron D. Moore|Ron D. Moore's]] official blog, [http://blog.scifi.com/battlestar/archives/2005/04/index.html#a000025 April 11, 2005.]</ref> Before the Articles, the colonies were separate nations, and there was open fighting between the colonies at times.
| | The Articles of Colonization is the Colonial equivalent to both the US Declaration of Independence and Constitution. Signed 52 years before the miniseries ([[Colonial Day]]), they formed the [[Twelve Colonies]], apparently in response to the [[Cylon War]]. The anniversary of their signature is the [[Colonial Day (holiday)|Colonial Day]] holiday. |
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| The anniversary of the signing of the Articles is the [[Colonial Day (holiday)|Colonial Day holiday]] {{TRS|Colonial Day}}. | |
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| ==Article 21==
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| Chief [[Galen Tyrol|Tyrol]] invokes the twenty-first Article of Colonization while being interrogated by Colonel [[Saul Tigh|Tigh]] after being rescued from {{RDM|Kobol}} {{TRS|Resistance (episode)|Resistance}}.
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| :''Under the [[Wikipedia: U.S. Constitution|U.S. Constitution]], a number of Tyrol's constitutionally protected civil liberties were being violated, among them''
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| :*[[Wikipedia:Article_One_%28United_States_Constitution%29|Article One]], section nine, guaranteeing the writ of [[Wikipedia:habeas corpus|habeas corpus]].
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| :*''The due process clauses of the [[Wikipedia:Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Due_process|Fifth]] and [[Wikipedia:Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_1.|Fourteenth]] amendments.''
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| :*''The various provisions of the [[Wikipedia:Sixth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution|Sixth Amendment]] guaranteeing a speedy, public trial by jury.''
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| :''Article 21 could conceivably provide protection to any number of these.''
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| ==Article 23==
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| Chief Tyrol invokes the twenty-third Article to avoid testifying against himself during the investigation into how [[Aaron Doral]] got aboard ''{{RDM|Galactica}}'' and accessed the munitions stores. While Sergeant [[Hadrian]] attempts to use this as evidence of his guilt, Commander [[William Adama]] later points out to President [[Laura Roslin]] that there is no legal precedent for doing so {{TRS|Litmus}}.
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| :''This is similar to the rights protected by the [[Wikipedia:Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution#Self-incrimination|self-incrimination clause]] of the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.''
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| ==Other Articles==
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| Other rights under the Articles may also exist. The right to a trial with representation before a jury seems to be guaranteed. When disapproving of the decision of then-President [[Tom Zarek]] to form the [[Circle]], a form of war crimes tribunal, [[Laura Roslin]] states that everyone has the right to a trial before a jury of one's peers. In a separate statement Roslin refers to the right to representation at a trial {{TRS|Collaborators}}. The right to a jury trial is also claimed by [[Gaius Baltar]] {{TRS|Taking a Break From All Your Worries}}.
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| Baltar's trial shows other levels of jurisprudence. Instead of a jury, a five-member tribunal acts as both judge and jury. Numerous maneuvers parallel practices in the legal systems of modern-day liberal democracies {{TRS|Crossroads, Part I|Crossroads, Part II}}.
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| == See Also ==
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| *[[Law of the Twelve Colonies (RDM)]], for a more general article about the Twelve Colonies' legal system.
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| | The 23rd Article of Colonisation is the equivalent to the 5th Amendment to the US Constitution ([[Litmus]]). |
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| [[Category:A to Z]] | | [[Category:A to Z]] |
| [[Category:Colonial]]
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| [[Category:Colonial Society]]
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| [[Category:Colonial Society (RDM)]]
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| [[Category:Colonial Government]] | | [[Category:Colonial Government]] |
| [[Category:Colonial Government (RDM)]]
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| [[Category:RDM]] | | [[Category:RDM]] |
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| [[de:Verfassung der Zwölf Kolonien]]
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